Plastic tensile strength and elongation test

Abstract Summary: This article introduces the use of the Kunpeng BOYI 2025 electronic universal testing machine, combined with a manual wedge tensile fixture and a large deformation extensometer, to conduct plastic tensile strength and elongation tests according to "GB/T 1040.1-2018 Plastics — Determination of tensile properties" and "GB/T 1040.2-2022 Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics." The test results show that the Kunpeng BOYI 2025 electronic universal testing machine can fully meet the requirements for plastic tensile testing.

Keywords: Kunpeng BOYI 2025 electronic universal testing machine     Plastic   Polymer   Polymer   Tensile test Tensile strength   Elongation   Nominal strain

Plastic raw materials Defined as a material made from synthetic or natural polymer that can be molded into various shapes and retain the shape permanently or plastic material products. Plastics are important organic synthetic polymer materials widely used in daily work and life due to their excellent physical and chemical properties and processing characteristics. According to different usage characteristics, plastics are generally divided into general plastics , engineering plastics, and specialty plastics three types. This application selects the 5 most common plastics in daily life for testing, allowing a direct comparison of the mechanical property differences among various plastics. The electronic universal testing machine is one of the most important physical performance testing devices for analyzing the mechanical properties of plastics. The Kunpeng testing machine is equipped with a manual wedge tensile fixture that enables quick clamping of specimens without tools. It also includes a sample holding device to ensure consistent specimen placement each time, greatly improving testing efficiency and reproducibility. The wedge clamping method used by the fixture applies less pre-stress than traditional flat clamping fixtures and provides stable clamping force throughout the tensile process. Besides the fixture, the large deformation extensometer used in this test features fast response and high accuracy. Combined with the high precision of the testing machine and a data acquisition frequency exceeding 1000Hz, it can fully record all characteristic data during the tensile process, providing users with accurate and reliable test data. The intelligent testing software supports single specimen, multiple specimens, and dual-coordinate test curves, offering a good interactive experience for different users and supporting enterprise R&D, quality, and product control.

1. Test section 1.1 Instruments and fixtures BOYI 2025-010

Electronic universal testing machine

10kN manual wedge tensile fixture

Large deformation extensometer   Smartest software

1.2 Analysis conditions

Test temperature: room temperature around 22°C

Load sensor: 10kN (class 0.5)

Loading test speeds: 5mm/min, 50mm/min

Fixture spacing: 115mm

Gauge length: 50mm  

1.3 Samples and treatment

In this test, 5 injection-molded plastic specimens were selected, including raw materials or reinforced plastics, with materials being PP, PP+EPDM+TD20, ABS, PC, and PA6+30GF. All specimens conform to the GB/T 1040.2 standard 1A dumbbell shape, with a parallel middle section width of about 10mm, thickness about 4mm, and 5 specimens each.

2. Test introduction

        Using the BOYI 2025-010 electronic universal testing machine, the specimens were clamped between the upper and lower fixtures. The load zero point hold function was activated to eliminate pre-stress after clamping. The large deformation extensometer was clamped at the middle of the specimen and zeroed. Specimens with different elongations were tested at speeds of 5mm/min and 50mm/min until fracture. The equipment automatically stopped upon detecting specimen fracture, fully recording force and deformation data during the measurement process and generating tensile test curves.

Figure 7

Test system diagram (main machine, fixture, extensometer)

3. Results and conclusions

3.1 Test results   The specific test results are shown in Table 1 below.

  Table 1. Test results

Figure 13 - Test curve PP

Figure 14 - Test curve PP+EPDM+TD20

Figure 15 - Test curve ABS  

Figure 16 - Test curve PC

Figure 17 - Test curve PA6+30GF

From the above (Table 1) data and test curves, it can be seen that the tensile curves are smooth and continuous without loosening or slipping abnormalities. The software can record the complete test curve throughout the process and obtain data such as load, displacement, and deformation for analysis. Differences in curves among various specimens due to material differences are evident. PP/PP+EPDM+TD20/PC/ABS specimens show yielding behavior, while PA6+30GF does not. Each group of 5 specimens shows good reproducibility, meeting standard requirements. The test results demonstrate that the Kunpeng BOYI 2025-010

图16-试验曲线PC

  图17-试验曲线PA6+30GF

从上(表1)数据以及试验曲线可以看出，拉伸曲线平滑连续，无松动打滑等异常现象，软件可以记录整个过程中完整的试验曲线，可以获取载荷、位移、变形等各项数据用于分析。可以看出各种样品之间因材质不同的曲线差异，其中PP/PP+EPDM+TD20/PC/ABC试样有屈服现象，PA6+30GF无屈服现象，每组各5个试样重现性良好，满足标准要求。从本次试验结果可以体现出鲲鹏BOYI 2025-010  The high precision and high stability of the electronic universal testing machine.

4. Conclusion

The above test results indicate that the Kunpeng BOYI 2025-010   The electronic universal testing machine, combined with a manual wedge tensile fixture and a large deformation extensometer, can fully meet the requirements of the standards "GB/T 1040.1-2018 Determination of Tensile Properties of Plastics" and "GB/T 1040.2-2022 Determination of Tensile Properties of Plastics Part 2: Test Conditions for Molded and Extruded Plastics," efficiently and with high quality. Through a high-precision, high-sampling-rate testing system, various mechanical data of plastic materials can be obtained reliably and stably. This is very important for the technological development of plastic materials and can provide data support and technical assurance for enterprises' product research and development, quality management, as well as standardization and normalization in the industry.